May 14, 2014

Colorful patterns of evolution mark butterflies and bumblebees




Biologist seeks to unravel the genetics behind adaptive radiation and mimicry.

As a graduate student, Heather Hines followed bumblebees all over the world. She was part of a successful effort to track the history of bumblebee evolution, painstakingly constructing from genetic and geographic information a comprehensive family tree.

This was no small task. The genus Bombus encompasses some 250 species, its astonishing variety reflected in a diversity of color patterns: the interchangeable bands of orange-red, yellow, white, brown and black that cover bumblebee heads, thoraxes, and abdomens. From Mexico to the Pyrenees, and from California to western Burma, Hines, now an assistant professor of biology at Penn State, helped to document these patterns in all their many iterations.